Physicochemical Properties, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis L. OSBECK) Fruit Peel and Pulp Oil Extracts

Background: Citrus sinensis L., commonly called sweet orange, fruit waste (peel, seed, and pulp) oils, are used as natural preservatives due to their broad spectrum of biological activities, including antimicrobial antioxidant effects. Objective: The aim this study was investigate the physicochemical properties, activities orange peel pulp oils extracted using solvent extraction method. Methods: oil done in Soxhlet apparatus petroleum ether a solvent. Then, properties extracts were assessed based on determination yield, acid value, free fatty acid, peroxide value. activity extract evaluated 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen radical scavenging well ascorbic content. Results: results indicated that significantly higher with respect (47.94%) DPPH value 85.20% recorded for pulp/juice oil. Stronger antibacterial maximum zone inhibition (10.67mm), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 0.25µg/ml, bactericidal (MBC) 0.25µg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus . antifungal (9.67mm), MIC (0.25µg/ml), fungicidal (MFC) 0.50µg/ml also observed Aspergillus versicolor Conclusion: C. found demonstrate stronger both potentials.